Unit concrete wall construction



Nov. 27, 1934. H. H. LUEHRS UNIT CONCRETE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 8, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l Inventor Henry H. Lueh rs.

Attorney By a Nov. 27, 1934. H. H. LUEHRS UNIT CONCRETE WALL CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 :IJJIYIIIII I Filed Nov. 8, 1928 IIIIIIIMIIIJ'AIJ -0 ur 6 Z M nna?! ml Inventor Hen ry H. L uehr's By a M W Attorney Patented Nov. 27, 1934 uurrso STATES PATENT OFFICE The object of this invention is to provide reinforced concrete units which can be assembled and tied together into a concrete wall, thereby greatly facilitating the building of a concrete wall and giving to it special advantages which ordinarily it would not have.

Another object is to make the units of large size and yet light enough in weight so that they can be handledand used for ordinary building operations, the units being as high as the distance between floors in buildings and would ordinarily be made about nine or ten feet high and about five feet in width.

Another object is to make the units of structural concrete with pockets formed therein that are filled with a light weight porous fireproof material, thus combining strength and lightness with heat and sound resisting qualities.

Another object of the invention is to make units that can be molded in horizontal position in the shop with suitable reinforcing projecting therefrom; which units will then be transferred to the scene of the building where they'will be erected, assembled and tied together into a concrete wall.

Another object of the invention is to make units of different standard characteristics each of which units will be a standard and will be made for the particular purpose for which it is to be used in the wall. That is, one unit will be provided with an opening for a door andanother unit will be provided with an opening for a Window, etc.

These and other objects of the invention will be illustrated in the drawings, described in the specification and pointed out in the claims at the end thereof.

In the drawings: I

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a wallof abuilding which wall in, height is the equivalent of one story of the building.

Figure 2 is a skeleton view of the reinforcing used in one of these units, the reinforcing being shown in full line and the concrete block being shown in dotted line.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the reinforcing shown in Figure 2 looking down on it from the top.

Figure 4 is a horizontalsection through two of the concrete units placed in line with each other, each unit being partly broken away.

Figure 5 is a horizontal section through the two units shown in Figure 4 in which the units have been brought into proper position with relation to each other and have been joined together by a reinforced concrete column formed between them. The units shown in Figures 4 and 5 are intended for inside wall construction.

Figure 6 is a top plan view of two units for outside wall construction brought together in proper relation to each other, the two units each being shown partly broken away.

Figure 7 is a horizontal section through the two units shown in Figure 6 showing the units joined together by a reinforced concrete column.

Figure 8 shows a horizontal section through two outside wall units joined together by a reinforced concrete column and forming a corner of the wall.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a portion of a reinforced concrete unit which is a modification of the inside wall unit shown in Figures 4 and 5, the heavy reinforced outside shell or web being omitted.

In the drawings like reference numerals indicate like parts.

In the drawings reference numerals 1 and 2 indicate reinforced concrete units for inside wall construction and 3, 4, 5 and 6 indicate reinforced concrete units for outside wall construction. Each of these units is intended to be as high as one story of the building of .which they will form a part. As shown in Figures 4 and 5' each unit comprises a web 7 having horizontal flanges or ribs 8 and upright flanges or ribs 9 formed thereon forming pockets between them. 12 pockets are so formed in the unit 1 shown in Figure 1. These pockets can be of any number and size that may be desired differing according to the conditions under which the units are to be used. In eachunit horizontal reinforcing members are used such as are shown at 10, 10 in Figure 2 and upright or vertical reinforcing members are used such, as are shown at 11, 11 in Figure'2. A V shaped reinforcing'member 12 is also used all of which members are embedded in the concrete of which the unit is formed. The V shaped unit 12 is provided not so much for the purpose of reinforcing the unit but rather for the purpose of handling the unit by means of a derrick or otherwise. The upper portion of the V shaped member projects outside the unit as is shown at the top of the unit in Figure 1. The horizontal reinforcing members 10, 10 all project outside the unit as indicated at 10A in Figure 4, .and when the units are brought into proper relation with each other as shown in Figure 5, the ends of these members will overlap each other and form a U shaped enclosure. Into the corners of this enclosure the upright reinforcing rods 12, 12 are inserted, four of them being used. ,These rods pocket isformed thereby into which concrete is poured, which concrete when it hardens forms a column 16 in which the various reinforcing members are all locked and by which the units on either side of it are securely tied together. The units and the concrete column thus joined form a continuous integral wall.

Any of the units shown in Figure 1 will be molded in a horizontal position at the shop and will then be hauled to the building in which they are to be erected. The pockets in each of the units are formed as follows. pared on which the unit is to be cast and on this bed is placed a frame made of planks having tapered sides which planks correspond with the flanges and ribs of the finished unit. In the pockets of this frame are then placed a porous 'material which hardens into block 17 having a specific gravity of about or one half of the specific gravity of Water. The frame is then removed leaving the light weight blocks 1'7 in place.

Then the structural concrete is poured to form the flanges and ribs and web of the concrete unit. When this concrete hardens it makes a concrete unit such as is shown in the parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or a 6 of Figure 1 in which the pockets in each case will be filled with a concrete of very. light weight which does not add greatly to the weight of the unit but makes the unit resist both sound and heat, etc. in a very satisfactory manner. In the flanges and ribs of each unit extra horizontal reinforces 26 and vertical reinforces'27 are provided.

All of the foregoing units are best made-at the shop and when finished are carried to the place of erection and there are erected into a bu ldin or buildings.

In Figures 6, '7 and 8 I have shown units that are intended to be used in the outside wall, it

being understood that the units 1 and 2 shown in Figure 1 and the units shown in Figures 4 and 5 are all intended to be used for inside wall construction. In the units shown in Figures 6 and '7 and 8 I provide the triangular shaped reinforces 30, 30 extending horizontally therefrom. The units are broughttogether as shown in Figure '7 when they are to stand in linewith each other in the wall or are brought together as shown in Figure 8 when they stand at right angles to each other in the corner .of a wall. In either case an air space is-left between units and this air space is closed with planks just as the air space in Figure 5 is closed with planks 14 and 15. The

vertical reinforcingmembers 31 are put in place as shown in Figure 7 and concrete is then poured which hardens into a column that is reinforced by the various reinforcing members mentioned and serves to lock the adjoining units together. As shown in Figure 8 the horizontal reinforces in the web are extended out as indicated at 32 when the units'are to be used to form the corner of a building and a reinforcing rod 33 is inserted after which the planks are put in place to make the forms and the column 34 is cast in place securely locking and joining the adjoining units together.

Each of the inside units is finished at the top with lugs or blocks such as are shown at 40, 40 in Figure 1 on which blocks the bottom of the next higher unit rests. This leaves an opening First, a bed is pre-' between the upper and lower units, in which the joists can be inserted from both sides. In the units 3, 4, 5 and 6 the upper edge of the block is finished with blocks 41 and flange 42 which leaves a pocket 43 on the inside which is adapted to receive the floor joists from one side. The flange 42 completes the outside wall so that no opening appears between the upper and lower units where they come together. The upright reinforces 12 in the column 16 extend above the column as shown in Figure 1 so that the reinforces of the next column above it can be tied to the reinforces 12 before the column in the next story is poured thus effectually tying together the columnsof the successive stories.

In Figure 9 I have shown a separate form of unit in which a skeleton 50 is formed of ribs and flanges omitting the surface web '7 shown in Figure 4. These flanges and ribs form pockets open on one side, said pockets being all arranged on one side of the web and in parallel rows and in columns at right angles thereto and being filled with a light porous composition adapted to resist the transmission of heat and sound.

2. A concrete building unit having a frame comprising a reinforced concrete web and a series of horizontal and vertical concrete ribs or flanges on one side thereof forming pockets between them open on one side, said pockets being all arranged on one side of the web and in parallel rows and. in columns at right angles thereto and being filled with a light porous composition adapted to resist the transmission of heat and sound.

3. A concrete building unit having a frame zontal and vertical concrete ribs .or flanges on one side thereof forming pockets between them open on one side, said pockets being all arranged on one side of the web in parallel rows and in columns at right angles thereto, blocks formed on top of each unit with an open space between them, said blocks being adapted to support the unit above them, the open space being adapted to receive the ends of the joists of the floor, the joists being supported by the unit.

4. A concrete building unit having a frame comprising a reinforced concrete web and a series of horizontal and vertical concrete ribs or flanges on one side thereof forming pockets between them open on one side, said pockets being all arranged on one side of the web and in parallel rows and in columns at right angles thereto and being filled with a light porous composition adapted to resist the transmission of heat and sound, said units having reinforces projecting laterally from each side thereof, two of said units being adapted to be placed in suitable relation with an air space between them to form part of a building with the reinforces of the units overlapping each other in the air space, upright reinforces engaging the lateral reinforces and a concrete column filling the airspace and joining the units together. v

5. A concrete building unit having a frame comprising a series of vertical and horizontal members made integral and enclosing pockets between them, said pockets being all arranged on one side of the web and in parallel rows and in columns at right angles thereto and being filled with a light porous composition adapted to resist the transmission of heat and sound.

8. A concrete building unit having a frame comprising a series of vertical and horizontal members made integral and enclosing pockets between them, said pockets being all arranged on one side of the web and in parallel rows and in columns at. right angles thereto and being filled with a light porous composition adapted to resist the transmission of heat and sound, arbinverted V shaped reinforce engaging the unit and pro- Jecting from the top at the middle of the unit, the projecting portion providing a handle forlifting the unit.

7. A precast wall building unit for outside and inside building walls, consisting of a series of blocks of porous, light weight, sound and heat resisting material, arranged in parallel rows and in columns at right angles thereto with vertical and horizontal reinforced concrete ribs between the blocks and flanged concrete frames at the vertical ends of said unit, the reinforced concrete frames and ribs forming the structural loadbearing framework and being formed integral with the porous, heat and'sound resisting blocks, said unit being protected with a thin concrete web on one side of the. unit, said web being cast as an integral part of the unit, two of said units being adapted to be placed in a either in line with each other, or atright anglesto each other,

or one on top of the other.

8. A precast wall building unit of a reinforced concrete structure having flanges with a beveled edge at the vertical ends thereof, said asimilarunittoformanopeningbetweensaid said units together. unit being adapted to be placedat right angles to units with the beveled edges extending into said opening and diagonally across from each other on the outside of said units, lateral v-shaped reinforces extending from'said units into said opening the ends of "which overlap each other, an upright reinforce in said opening engaging in said V-shaped reinforces, said opening being adapted to receive a poured concrete column therein that surrounds said reinforces and joins said units together, said beveled edges being adapted to reduce the. exposed outside edges of said concrete column. a

9. A precast wall building unit. consisting of a reinforced concrete structure having flanges with a beveled edge at the vertical ends thereof, said unit being adapted to be placed in line, side by side with similar units to form wedge-shaped openings between said units, lateral V-shaped reinforces extending from said units into said wedge-shaped openings and overlapping each other, and upright reinforces in said wedge- "shaped openings engaging in said V-shaped resaid wedge-shaped openings being adapted to receive a poured concrete column inforces,

therein that surrounds said reinforces. and Joins said. units together.

10. A precast wall building unit consisting of a reinforced concrete structure having flanges with a beveled'edge at the vertical ends thereof, said unit being adapted to be placed in line, side by side with similar units, or at right angles to a similar unit with an opening between said units, lateral V-shaped reinforces extending from said units into said opening ,and overlapping each other, an upright reinforoein said opening engaging in said V-shaped reinforces, said opening being adapted to receive a poured concrete column therein that surrounds said reinforces and joins mar 11. Lunnas. 

